Homeowners, landowners and renters alike want to handle a mosquito problem proactively. Interrupting the insect’s life cycle reduces the chance of contracting serious diseases. Here are some mosquito life cycle hacks to improve your time spent outside, and yard safety.
Getting Rid Of Mosquitoes
Do you want to interfere with a mosquito life cycle? Mega-Catch offers a range of mosquito traps designed to keep mosquitoes out of your yard. It is important to know the life cycle of mosquitoes, but keeping them out of your yard is even more important.
How to Get Rid of Mosquitoes Outdoors
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Remove stagnant water where possible.
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If you have a pool, implement a regular cleaning schedule for the chlorine.
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Rinse out birdbaths and replace the waters.
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Treat any ornamental ponds and fountains.
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Clear up dead plants. Either remove dead leaves and stems every week or hire a service company to perform that.
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Use a Mosquito Trap, such as the Mega-Catch Alpha Mosquito Trap, to keep your yard mosquito free.
The Mosquito Life Cycle
If there's anything good about mosquitoes, it's that they don't live very long. The entire mosquito life cycle can be counted in days. Once they emerge from their pupal cocoons and take flight, male mosquitoes last less than a week, the females maybe a couple of months, and that's only with ideal conditions. They generally need warmer, humid temperatures.
The bad news is that they are an extremely hardy type of insect. According to the University of California-Davis Mosquito Research Program, mosquitoes have been around for at least 210 million years.
They don't travel much, typically not more than a mile from the place where they were hatched, and their sole purpose seems to be laying more eggs to make more mosquitoes. A female can produce up to 500 eggs before she finally dies.
And here's a creepy little bit of information: Your blood helps mosquitoes perpetuate the species, and not in the way you probably think. But more about that later on. Right now, let's start with eggs, the first of four stages in the mosquito life cycle.
Keep Mosquitos Away from Standing Water
You've probably seen the TV news segments telling you to never, ever leave standing water around your yard because it can become a breeding ground for mosquitoes.
The reason for the warning is that mosquito eggs require water to develop. From stagnant rainwater to the condensation found inside an old tire, any kind will do. A mosquito will be satisfied as long as the water is not likely to be disturbed for a week or two.
There are about 3,500 species of mosquitoes throughout the world, and roughly 176 of them can be found in the United States. The most common is the Culex pipiens.
The female mosquitoes of Culex and most other species lay their eggs in batches of 50 to 100, often in tiny clumps about a quarter-inch long that float together on the surface of the water like a raft. They make those deposits on water that's collected in tree holes, ditches, even your dog's water dish.
However, some species will lay mosquito eggs on moist, often-flooded soil to anticipate the subsequent rise in water. Those eggs can survive winter, waiting for spring or summer rains to cover them over.
Females usually deposit their eggs at night and lay them about every third night, up to three times. Entomologists at Oklahoma State University report that the eggs are white when first deposited, then darken to near black within a day. They will hatch in one to three days, depending on the temperature.
Eggs left on moist soil can last for up to a year until the ground is flooded again before hatching. When the eggs hatch, the mosquito larvae come out.
Mosquito Larvae - Infant Stage of the Mosquito Lifecycle
This is the baby stage for mosquitoes. The larvae are aquatic creatures that feed on algae, bacteria, and other microorganisms in the water. Certain mosquito species will even eat each other. They spend most of their time hanging upside down at the surface, sucking in oxygen from breathing tubes located in their tails.
They're often called “wigglers” because that's how they move in the water, propelling themselves with a frantic twitching motion. At this stage, a mosquito larva is vulnerable to predators such as fish and birds, and other mosquito larvae.
The New South Wales Department of Natural Resources in Australia describes them as “hairy maggots with siphons,” covered on the lower half by a cocoon. Because mosquitoes are cold-blooded and rely on external heat sources to warm their bodies, development depends on the temperature. The warmer it is, the faster the mosquito larvae will grow.
Most larvae develop over about a week or so, shedding their skins – known as molting – four times on the way to becoming mosquito pupae. The molting stages are called instars. By the fourth one, each one mosquito larva is almost a quarter-inch long.
Mosquito Pupae Mature in Stagnant Water
The mosquito pupae – called “tumblers” – do not feed. They don't do much of anything except swim around in the water. Think of this as the teenage stage of the mosquito life cycle.
They have short, curved bodies with a large head at one end and flippers for swimming at the other. They are lighter than water, so they live at the surface, and, like the larvae, they must take in oxygen from time to time through two breathing tubes known as “trumpets.”
When disturbed, mosquito pupae tumble down to the safety of deeper water and eventually float back to the surface. Again, like the larvae, they are vulnerable to birds and fish. They're also vulnerable to people. Just put a little bit of an oily substance in the water, and a mosquito pupa will be unable to break through to get oxygen.
Otherwise, inside their cocoons, they are developing into those flying insects we all hate. It can take up to four days, depending on the temperature of the water. Once the pupal tissue has developed into adult mosquito form, the adult uses air pressure to split the cocoon and emerge.
The new mosquitoes will rest on the surface – which is one reason eggs are deposited in still water – until their wings dry out and their bodies harden. Then, they take off.
Mosquito Traps Stop Your Yard From Being A Mosquito Breeding Ground
Adult mosquitoes are made up of a head with two large compound eyes, a thorax, a pair of scaled wings, and six jointed legs. They also have antennae and a proboscis.
Mosquitoes, both male and female, come out of the cocoon with two things in mind. They want to breed, and they want to feed, in just about that order.
Adult mosquitoes mate within the first few days after emerging. The male mosquitoes sometimes have to wait for about a day for their reproductive parts to develop fully. They locate females by listening for the sounds of their wings, which run about 250-500 beats per minute. The mosquitoes join, and the males pass sperm to the females, perpetuating the mosquito life cycle.
Once their job is done, male mosquitoes live three to five days. The females tend to mate only once, but live considerably longer, depending on how much warmth and moisture is in their environment. Under ideal conditions, they may last as long as a month or two.
Of course, they have plenty of predators. Bats and birds feed on mosquitoes, communities spray pesticides to kill them and homeowners use mosquito traps to attract and dispose of them.
The mosquitoes often stay within a short distance of where they emerged from their cocoons, although some species can fly five miles or more. Slow fliers – about one mph – and easily dispersed by wind- prefer to stay close to the ground.
Trap Mosquitoes Before They Can Feed
Mosquitoes generally feed on plant nectar and fruit juice. Male mosquitoes do not take blood, so when you feel a mosquito plunge into your skin and start siphoning your blood, you can bet it is a female every time.
Typically, female mosquitoes start hunting as the sun goes down and will continue a few hours into the night, searching for any warm-blooded creature, such as people, dogs, cats, birds, and wildlife. Carbon dioxide – which we exhale – and lactic acid from our sweat combine to make us smell like a mosquito buffet. The insects can pick up the scent from 100 feet, and they can also see us moving and feel our body heat.
They use a serrated proboscis to pierce the skin and inject an anticoagulant to keep the blood flowing. A mild painkiller, apparently to help them escape detection by their prey. The female mosquito will insert the proboscis into a capillary and withdraw as much blood as possible, up to three times her body weight.
If a mosquito bites you, assume that you have just become a proud new parent, in a way. While female mosquitoes need nectar for nourishment, they also need protein to develop their eggs. That protein comes from your blood.
Once they've gotten blood, the mosquitoes fly away to a warm, damp place to rest and wait for their eggs to develop. That takes up to five days. The females lay their eggs and then move on to the next blood meal to feed the next batch of eggs.
Female mosquitoes can lay a set of up to 100 eggs about every third night after mating only once. They typically lay as many as three groups before dying. Those eggs eventually hatch, and the whole mosquito life cycle starts over again.
Implement Mosquito Repellents And Traps With MegaCatchTM
Do you want a better solution to handling mosquitoes? MegaCatchTM is more than ready to provide the machinery that you need. Our devices are designed to handle mosquitoes over an extensive range.
To find out more, please reach out to us today. Mega-CatchTM has upgrades for standard insect repellent and will improve your comfort when spending time outside.